Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology 8th Edition by Wicks Nelson - Test Bank

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

TRUE OR FALSE

   1.      Ab means “away” or “from,” whereas “normal” refers to “average” or “standard.”  Thus, abnormal is defined as something the deviates from the average. 

   2.      Age is an important developmental index in judging behavior. 

   3.      Cultural norms for behavior rarely impact diagnostic rates for a disorder.

   4.      Ethnicity denotes common customs, values, language or traits that are associated with national origin or geographic area. 

   5.      A child’s behavior should be consistent and not vary across settings (e.g., classroom, playground, home). 

   6.      In most cultures boys are expected to be less active and less aggressive than girls. This expectation is an example of a situational norm.

   7.      Youth rarely refer themselves for clinical evaluation. 

   8.      According to the American Psychological Association, 10 percent of youth have a serious mental health disorder. 

   9.      Quantifying the prevalence of disorders is difficult because it depends on several factors, including the definition of disorders, the population examined, and the methods used to identify the problem. 

10.      Changing social conditions may increase the risk of disorders in young people. 

11.      Early disturbances, for example, feeding issues or sleep disorders in infancy, do not have developmental consequences. 

12.      One difficulty in establishing the age of onset of any behavioral disorder is that the onset may occur gradually, so that age of onset may be  an arbitrary  estimation rather than a precise age. 

13.      Schizophrenia is a disorder that typically begins during childhood.

14.      Males are more vulnerable than females to neurodevelopmental disorders that occur early in life.

15.      One explanation for differing rates of behavioral disorder between boys and girls is gender differences in disruptive behavior, which can result in gender differences in referrals for clinical services. 

16.      The conceptualization of adolescence as a distinct period of life began in the 17th and 18th centuries. 

17.      Somatogenesis refers to the belief that behavioral disturbance results from a person’s being possessed or influenced by devils or some similar force. 

 18.      Kraepelin is credited with creating a system to classify mental disturbances that serve as the basis for modern classification systems.

19.      The belief that mental problems are caused by psychological variables is called psychogenesis.

20.      Freud contributed to the field of childhood behavioral disorder by positing that early, unresolved psychological conflict is the source of emotional problems. 

21.      Behavior modification or behavior therapy is the explicit application of learning principles for the assessment and treatment of behavioral problems. 

22.      Longitudinal studies, focusing on normal development, assisted in the understanding and study of child and adolescent disorders. 

23.      Anna Freud, a mother and visionary, advocated establishing a Child Welfare Research Station at the University of Iowa.  

 24.      Psychiatrists earn an M.D. and psychologists earn a Ph.D.