Criminal Justice Ethics Theory and Practice 4th Edition by Banks - Test Bank

Chapter 2 Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.     Before the twentieth century in this country, police, in general: (p. 18)

• saw their primary job as keeping the good will of the people.
• were relatively immune from politics and corruption.
• operated with few legal and ethical controls.*
• were well-trained, well-equipped and well-supervised.

2.     First set of instructions to constables was published in England in: (p. 18)

a.     1804

b.     1829*

c.     1847

d.     1866

3.     Early policing in the United States was indicative of all of the following except: (p. 18)

a.     Police had lots of training in law*

b.     Patrolman working on the streets with little supervision

c.     Violence was accepted norm

d.     They operated in neighborhoods as authority figures

4.     An officer who sees criminal as the enemy, and the police and community as the “good guys” is a: (p. 19)

a.     Crime fighter*

b.     Emergency operator

c.     Social enforcer

d.     Social peacekeeper

5.     An officer who is represented by the media as “fighters against evil” is a: (p. 19)

a.     Crime fighter*

b.     Emergency operator

c.     Social enforcer

d.     Social peacekeeper

6.     An officer who sees their role as addressing many day-to-day problems is a: (p. 19)

a.     Crime fighter

b.     Emergency operator

c.     Social enforcer*

d.     Social peacekeeper

7.     An officer who advocates public service rather than crime fighting is a: (p. 19)

a.     Crime fighter

b.     Emergency operator

c.     Social enforcer

d.     Social peacekeeper*

8.     An officer who is characterized by Kleinig (1996) as the most satisfactory definition is a: (p. 19)

a.     Crime fighter

b.     Emergency operator

c.     Social enforcer

d.     Social peacekeeper*

9.     Which model of policing was proposed by some as best reflecting a broad definition of policing as involving public service, rather than mere crime fighting? (p. 19)

a.     the “emergency operator”

b.     the “social peacekeeper”*

c.     the “snappy bureaucrat”

d.     the “social enforcer”

10.  Manning (2007) defines                      as officers who make up the bulk of law enforcement. (p. 20)

a.     Patrol officers*

b.     Middle managers

c.     Higher administrators

d.     Detectives and investigators

11.  Manning (2007) defines                      as officers who rise through the ranks through seniority and examinations and supervise and handle paperwork. (p. 20)

a.     Patrol officers

b.     Middle managers*

c.     Higher administrators

d.     Detectives and investigators

12.  Manning (2007) defines                      as officers who enjoy higher status than patrol officers and are “information processors.” (p. 20)

a.     Patrol officers

b.     Middle managers

c.     Higher administrators

d.     Detectives and investigators*

• In addition to the formal rules and regulations of the job, police behavior is also heavily influenced by police: (p. 20)
• demeanor.
• mystique.
• culture.*
• mythology.

14.  Occupational culture is defined as: (p. 20)

a.     The particular roles and experiences of the different occupational groups within the institution*

b.     The attitudes, values, and norms of an institution

c.     Police professionalism

d.     All of the above

15.  In his explanation of police culture, Crank (1998) characterizes                                as the notion that police view much of their work by reference to the use of force. (p. 21)

a.     Coercive territorial control*

b.     The new warriors

c.     Turbulence and edge-control

d.     Cynicism

16.  In his explanation of police culture, Crank (1998) characterizes                                as triumph over unpredictable events, and cultural themes of solidarity. (p. 21)

a.     Coercive territorial control

b.     The new warriors

c.     Turbulence and edge-control*

d.     Cynicism

• Which of the following is not typically seen as a component or value of police culture? (pp. 21-22)
• cynicism
• emphasis on force
• viewing themselves as victims
• optimism about human nature*

18.  Which of Scheingold’s (1994) dominant characteristics views that officers view all citizens with suspicion? (p. 21)

a.     The new warriors

b.     Cynicism*

c.     Force

d.     The police are victims

19.  The view that police are misunderstood and recipients of low wages was defined by Scheingold (1994) as: (p. 22)

a.     The new warriors

b.     Cynicism

c.     Force

d.     The police are victims*

• Some scholars of policing have suggested that police culture has changed with the advent of: (p. 22)
• community policing
• a greater focus on service to the public
• enhancement of communication and interpersonal skills
• all of these*

Police work involves a lot of flexibility a