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A sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a vibrant and iconic flowering plant known for its large, yellow blossoms and tall, sturdy stems. It belongs to the family Asteraceae and is native to North America, though it is now cultivated worldwide for its ornamental beauty and for its seeds, which can be eaten and used to produce oil.

Here are some key characteristics and features of a sunflower:

1. Appearance: The sunflower plant can grow quite tall, with some varieties reaching heights of over 10 feet (3 meters). The stem is typically thick, rigid, and covered with coarse hairs. The leaves are large, broad, and heart-shaped, arranged alternately along the stem.

2. Flower Head: The most distinctive feature of a sunflower is its large, daisy-like flower head, which can measure up to a foot (30 centimeters) or more in diameter. The flower head consists of hundreds of individual flowers called florets, clustered together in a circular pattern.

3. Florets: The outer ring of the flower head contains large, petal-like ray florets, which are bright yellow in color. The central disk contains smaller, tubular disc florets, which are dark brown or black.

4. Reproduction: Sunflowers are known for their heliotropic behavior, meaning they track the movement of the sun across the sky. The young flower heads face east in the morning and follow the sun as it moves westward throughout the day.

5. Seeds: Once the sunflower has finished blooming, the seeds develop in the center disk. These seeds are arranged in a spiral pattern and are encased in a hard shell. Sunflower seeds are a popular snack and are also used to produce sunflower oil.

6. Cultivation: Sunflowers are relatively easy to grow and are cultivated in a wide range of climates. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil. Different varieties may have variations in flower color, size, and growth habit.

7. Symbolism: Sunflowers are often associated with positive traits such as happiness, warmth, and adoration. They are also a symbol of loyalty and longevity.

8. Uses: Besides their ornamental value, sunflowers have several practical applications. They are grown for their seeds, which are a nutritious food source for humans and wildlife. Sunflower oil is extracted from the seeds and is used in cooking, as well as in various industrial applications.

Overall, sunflowers are cherished for their cheerful appearance and have become a popular subject in art, literature, and garden design around the world.