Historically, the development of ultrasound began shortly after: a. radio communication in World War I. b. sonar in World War II. c. nuclear testing in World War II. d. the launching of Sputnik. ANS: B World War II brought sonar equipment to the forefront for defense purposes. Ultrasound was influenced by the success of sonar equipment. PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: Detail a timeline for pioneers in the advancement of medical diagnostic ultrasound. TOP: Historical overview of sound theory and medical ultrasound 2. The early applications of obstetric ultrasound were initiated by: a. Joseph Holmes. b. Ian Donald. c. John Howry. d. William Fry. ANS: B The early obstetric compound scanner was built by Tom Brown and Dr. Ian Donald in Scotland in 1957. PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: Detail a timeline for pioneers in the advancement of medical diagnostic ultrasound. TOP: Historical overview of sound theory and medical ultrasound 3. Visualization of the cardiac structures in the heart was discovered by: a. Joseph Holmes. b. Ian Donald. c. Hertz and Edler. d. George Ludwig. ANS: C In 1954, echocardiographic techniques were developed in Sweden by Drs. C.H. Hertz and I. Edler. PTS: 1 REF: p. 7 OBJ: Detail a timeline for pioneers in the advancement of medical diagnostic ultrasound. TOP: Historical overview of sound theory and medical ultrasound 4. Which one of the following statements about the role of sonographers is false? a. Sonographers perform ultrasound studies and gather diagnostic data independent